HAM Radio License for FPV

Spork

Spork

There is no spoon
Hey folks,

While reading up on FPV and building drones, I've come across several YT videos where the pilot mentioned getting a HAM radio license because he got into FPV racing. I think one of them was Mr. Steele, but I could be wrong. I also get a few blog articles when I google for it.

I've seen some varying opinions ranging from a) it's unlikely it will be heavily enforced so I didn't bother to b) better safe than sorry, plus it helps for when it does become an issue. Since I don't relish paying a heavy fine if I did get unlucky, I looked into the process and it looks like it's pretty painless for the entry level Technician license and it's only like $15. So I'm kind of leaning towards getting one at some point.

I know if you are using equipment sold in the US it is supposed to be FCC certified, but what about all the Chinese based parts that many of the builders on youtube make. In the dozens of build videos I've watched, I only recall seeing one guy that FCC logos on his parts. Of course, I may just not have seen it on some parts.

What are your thoughts? Did you already or do you plan to get a license? Inquiring minds want to know.
 
For those so inclined, last night I found this site that provides a free study guide for all three levels. I read through the Technician level PDF in about an hour and was able to pass a practice test.

To be fair though, I did study electronics 30+ years ago, and while I remember very little, remembering Ohm's law and basic component symbols on schematics was very helpful. I imagine that wouldn't add much time to someone wanting to pass the test.
 
I use a TBS Greenhorn 25mw in my local park. I have a few 200mw TS58 models which I fly out the way on a golf course or @the beach. I just orderd an immersionRC Tramp 600mw to go with my Duo 4.1
15 times over the limit in blighty.
I was thinking about a licence but I'm going to fly as I see fit. If it's close proximity in a park then 25mw it is.
If I'm out in middle of nowhere then with a license or not I'm going to run @ 600mw
& stay well within my height limit of 400'
While also checking THE local NOTAM.
My 220 with the TBS is my rock & my tweaker is about to get slammed even more with an AIO fcb I might be able to get the stand offs down to about 12mm.
Im seeing ppl getting 4km with my setup.
I haven't a factual range of my fsi6.
I seen YT vids & ppl getting 2 miles with no mods. It says 300m on the box I think.
I plonked mine down @ the beach & walked a mile marker. My wife waited by it, & I had 46%errors. But it was a very hot day. Beaming sun. So soon I will be able to know the range of my tx/rx over a few tests hopefully,with help from the vtx.
 
Given the low power for transmission, I would not expect it to be an issue.

I have some basic HAM handheld radios, I will eventually get my license, I can listen in on the local tech nets and they usually broadcast daily when the offer the testing for the local areas.
 
Most of our equipment technically requires a HAM license. Those that don't are basically worthless due to the restrictions in an FCC certified device.

As long as you are not interfering with something you likely will never be called out for not having a HAM license.
 
I appreciate the input, but I figured I’d go ahead and get the Technician license since I’d already spent time looking into it. Happy to say I passed the test yesterday. Pretty painless and I learned a lot more about antennas - which I feel will pretty useful info.
 
I have agonized over the same thing. I intended to study and get the technician's license, but didn't follow through. I now have two aircraft each have a 600 mW video transmitter and I have rationalized that as long as I'm not interfering with anybody no harm no foul. But how do I know if I'm interfering with anyone? And if so, how will having a license remedy the situation? I figure that if I'm out in a field it probably doesn't matter much - may I'm kidding myself?
 
That's pretty much my take. I'd only use the 200mw-600mw in the middle of nowhere. I got quizzed by a cop once & I got paranoid. So I have a 25mw when I go out & the tramp or whatever set on 25w till I need it.
 
I was worried about that very thing - I mainly learned two things on this while studying.

Number one is in the context of you being a HAM radio operator, at home, presumably with a big antennae on your house so all your neighbors know. If a neighbor mentions/complains, they say to work with them to figure out if it is you or them. Common sense really, but unlikely to come up with our side of the hobby. I would think most of us would work with our neighbors if they mentioned that they noticed their TV or whatever went on the fritz when we were flying a quad nearby.

Number two, is in the context of you interfering with a HAM radio operator. Some of these guys are serious enough about to track you down with directional finders or call the FCC and they will track you down with directional finders. Again, also not likely, but that likelihood starts going up the more you regularly fly in the same spot.

Now there is fancy equipment you could get to check that your equipment is actually within the frequencies it is supposed to be, but that's above my pay grade and likely not worth the investment given the risk level. For me, as mentioned above, I felt that it was worth getting the license anyway as I had already invested a few hours on the subject anyway. It took me longer to drive to the test than to actually take it.

I feel like Moz' advice just above and farther up is pretty spot on for the vast majority of us to stay out of trouble.
 
Sorry for digging up an old thread, but this is something I've been researching quite a bit lately. I have been considering getting the tech HAM license as well, but I guess what I don't understand (and I believe it was asked in a previous post without an answer), but what exactly will the license do for me? I obviously know the basic guidelines about flying over people/roads, flying within 5 miles of airports, and whatnot. But is there some magical formula in the test that will keep me from pissing everyone off when I'm flying fpv? Lol.... I fly in mostly urban areas, but usually wait until any businesses are closed or I'll go to a massive park when it's empty. But still... Basically I'm trying to avoid the feared hefty fine, but am unsure of how a HAM license will fix that... Sorry for the newb question, but struggling to find the answers I'm looking for.
 
The test basically covers understanding of what is allowed and what is not allowed with regard to which frequencies you can use and what authority you need to check with and details about the registration process and how you could use your knowledge of HAM radios to help in emergency response situations. With regard to flying it's mostly just telling you when you have the 'right of way' and when other people do, it's a lot of pretty basic stuff and a few details about converting from a frequency to antenna length (actually sort of useful for understanding how your quad antenna work or why they might not work so well at a given frequency).

I made and app on alexa to help study https://www.amazon.com/Chi-Town-Gam...UTF8&qid=1537806401&sr=1-1&keywords=ham+study

Unfortunately the test questions have been updated and I haven't had the time to update my skill yet so the questions are from the pool before the updates this June/July.
 
Thanks guys for the replies and info. Sounds like there will be a lot of useful info covered.

Now my next question may seem a bit trivial, but out of curiousity: I don't have any fpv goggles/monitor at the moment so I'm assuming I can simply disconnect the VTX (so no signal is being transmitted) and safely fly line of sight without needing the HAM license? I will still be getting the license as I want to fly fpv eventually. But doing so would mean I would only be transmitting a 2.4ghz reciever and that should be ok, right? I have been using 2.4ghz transmitters and recievers on my ground vehicles for years without issue and don't see that being an issue in flight, but maybe it is?
 
My advice is, "don't be a dick, and nobody will care:.

Some obvious ways to be a dick.. but then , it's amazing how these kind of things are not obvious to people.
Flying inside a city. Flying in the proximity of an airport where iriplanes are making take offs and landings. Flying low buzzing a crowd. Flying over high security installations, like you know, a nuclear reactor. Buzzing a moving car. Flying all the heck around private property like through parking garages or suburban neighborhoods.

If you take your quad, get in the car, drive a few miles out to the countryside, set it down and fly around, nobody is really going to care. Even if it's 100% illegal by then. Nobody will care. Because you're not bothering anybody, where population density is thin.

As soon as you start to really bother someone, then that someone gets annoyed and starts to care. You can however be long gone before they get riled up enough to think up some evil way they want to take action against you. Most peopel might get annoyed that you're spying on them, beign noisy, or trespassing into their low airspace (under the size of a farm silo), or just trespassing on thei land to retrieve yoru quad. If nobody is around, you're chances are getting way better that you bother nobody, no matter what you do. No one around, you can do anything. Someone around, try and not tick them off.

I think a lot of problems are going to ensue in the future, just from people flying their drone inside a city. That's what happened to Phyilly Drone Guy. And the video that set it off was rather safe, he was following at rain across a river. If his drone went down, plunk, into the river, nobody gets hurt. I suspect though he had done some more sketchy stuff over neighborhoods and downtown and so on that led up to that and rled someone up.

So take your RC quad or plane out to the sticks and fly where if you plunk it into the ground, all you're hitting is farmland dirt, and you can blaze 2 watts of power all you want and nobody will much care unless you are stomping on their frequency. You're not going to be in the air very long though, so... I wouldn't worry about it.

No need to get a HAM license imho, but gawd, folks, learn the basics about the radio spectrum and radio frequency. I did just by having an interest in HAM stuff and shortwave radio as a kid. Most people in radio control don't have the faintest clue how radio waves work or what they are or anything about them. It makes me just want to face palm myself. Look up what a "coherer" is on Wikipedia and start from there.

And please learn to fly first n a simulator.
That should go without saying, but apparently, it's lost on most who jump right in adn buy some hardware and crash it everywhere just tyring to learn the absolute kindergarden piloting basics.
 
Spork said:
Hey folks,

While reading up on FPV and building drones, I've come across several YT videos where the pilot mentioned getting a HAM radio license because he got into FPV racing. I think one of them was Mr. Steele, but I could be wrong. I also get a few blog articles when I google for it.

I've seen some varying opinions ranging from a) it's unlikely it will be heavily enforced so I didn't bother to b) better safe than sorry, plus it helps for when it does become an issue. Since I don't relish paying a heavy fine if I did get unlucky, I looked into the process and it looks like it's pretty painless for the entry level Technician license and it's only like $15. So I'm kind of leaning towards getting one at some point.

I know if you are using equipment sold in the US it is supposed to be FCC certified, but what about all the Chinese based parts that many of the builders on youtube make. In the dozens of build videos I've watched, I only recall seeing one guy that FCC logos on his parts. Of course, I may just not have seen it on some parts.

What are your thoughts? Did you already or do you plan to get a license? Inquiring minds want to know.
Click to expand...
A vtx with power over 25mW requires a HAm Technician license. Mine is 600mW so I must pass the exam to be legal. Meanwhile my quad is grounded while I order and install a new flight controller after the New Year.
 
The tech license is easy. I used the no nonsense study guide. The test was at 4pm. I started studying in the am that day and went to take the class and easily passed. It opens up a whole new hobby. You guys should do it. The answers are word for word what you see here.

No-Nonsense Study Guides

www.kb6nu.com www.kb6nu.com
 
An old thread but it caught my eye. I am a Ham Radio Operator and a drone operator. But no FPV.
Curious as to what frequencies are being used by FPV? I would like to look that up.
As to interfering with another radio service you never know. The harmonics from the video signal could be somewhere that is nowhere near the original signal due to bad design of the transmitter. Also, I routinely send out transmissions in the Ham bands that reach everywhere in the world using only 200mw in a digital format. Albeit with much bigger and taller antennas. My point is that power is not the limiting factor. Google WSPR for more info.

Here is info for R/C aircraft control in the Ham bands. Not necessarily FPV. Don't know what frequency that is?

"For remote control aircraft, the most commonly used "ham band" is the 50 MHz band (6 meters), specifically the 53 MHz sub-band, which requires a Technician level ham radio license to operate on; this band is designated for both air and land remote control applications.

Key points about using ham bands for RC aircraft:
  • Frequency range:
    The most relevant frequencies within the 50 MHz band for RC aircraft are typically around 53.1 to 53.8 MHz. "

Have fun yanking and banking!
 
ArmyVet said:
An old thread but it caught my eye. I am a Ham Radio Operator and a drone operator. But no FPV. Curious as to what frequencies are being used by FPV? I would like to look that up. As to interfering with another radio service you never know. The harmonics from the video signal could be somewhere that is nowhere near the original signal due to bad design of the transmitter. Also, I routinely send out transmissions in the Ham bands that reach everywhere in the world using only 200mw in a digital format. Albeit with much bigger and taller antennas. My point is that power is not the limiting factor. Google WSPR for more info. Here is info for R/C aircraft control in the Ham bands. Not necessarily FPV. Don't know what frequency that is? "For remote control aircraft, the most commonly used "ham band" is the 50 MHz band (6 meters), specifically the 53 MHz sub-band, which requires a Technician level ham radio license to operate on; this band is designated for both air and land remote control applications. Key points about using ham bands for RC aircraft:
  • Frequency range: The most relevant frequencies within the 50 MHz band for RC aircraft are typically around 53.1 to 53.8 MHz. "
Have fun yanking and banking!
Click to expand...
Mostly line of sight bands from what I can tell. I think 2.4 for control and 5.8 for video is the most common. Video seems to always be the first to go. I would be nice to see an option that uses a lower ban. Control can also be 900 MHz.
 
Yep like @aDrone said there is frequencies all right around 2.4GHz for majority of control links that get used for quadcopters nowadays. I want to say the 50MHz(ish) range was popular still back when my older brother got into RC planes like 20-30yrs ago or so (before quadcopters came onto the scene).

For a while "spread spectrum"/spektrum tech from Horizon Hobby was big and I think was first big introduction of 2.4GHz radio control links:

About Spektrum | Spektrum RC Transmitters History | Spektrum

Learn more about the history of Spektrum and the advances in technology they have delivered for RC transmitters, receivers, ESCs, batteries, and more!
www.spektrumrc.com www.spektrumrc.com

I want to say the 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz frequencies are used because they land in ISM bands and so have some more flexibility with licensing?? I gotta be honest though still need to take the dang exam :D

Nowadays the most popular radio links (for control) are all based on open source ELRS which itself is loosely based on Long range LoRa radio tech, I only loosely understand that, but from what I grok it effectively allows the signals to be "seen/read" even if they are below the "noise floor" of other signals, but again I'm sort of "reading the tea leaves" and don't have a deep understanding of the radio tech itself.

For video signals we do typically use 5.8GHz based modules, either analog vid or digital vid both use roughly the same frequencies, if flying a mix of analog and digital video system there tends to be a lot of noise that is seen in analog vid signals (can have digital signal overpower whatever on the analog signals and lose vid for analog pilots temporarily). Video transmission is broadly split between (broadcast) analog (video) and digital but then within the digital video systems there are a handful of competitors right now, namely DJI o4/Goggles 3 (lots of compatibility issues even with their own hardware) and HDZero are the two I hear the most about as of late (ByteShark from FatShark was also a thing but not sure how much they are still pushing). I occasionally hear some murmurs about open IPC too in the over the air digital vid space but don't know much about that yet:

github.com

OpenIPC

Alternative IP Camera firmware from an open community - OpenIPC
github.com github.com

Like @aDrone mentioned too some systems like Crossfire or some ELRS modules ship using 900MHz frequency band as well or I've occasionally heard about 1.3GHz (maybe just GPS) used but those only come up with folks who are doing "long long range" usually fixed wing. There are also these fun looking little UART over LoRA things I've never used one but seems fun for just some basic tinkering with radio control things https://www.amazon.com/REYAX-RYLR998-Interface-Antenna-Transceiver/dp/B099RM1XMG

Since I work in web dev and mostly on software side of things usually I'm just using like ESP32 with 2.4GHz wifi and bluetooth radios for shorter range things or "on a network" at home IoT type stuff, but just hobbyist with the quadcopters.
 
Back
Top